{"id":4805,"date":"2026-10-30T13:25:02","date_gmt":"2026-10-30T13:25:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/al-nuqta.iq\/articles\/%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa\/"},"modified":"2026-10-30T13:25:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-30T13:25:02","slug":"%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"custom_articles","link":"https:\/\/al-nuqta.iq\/en\/articles\/%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621: \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a SQL \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062e\u0646\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 (Bottlenecks) \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 (Indexes) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n

1. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 (Execution Plan)<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a SQL\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 SQL Server \u0648PostgreSQL\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 Execution Plan \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

Index Seek \/ Index Scan: \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629.
\nTable Scan \/ Clustered Index Scan: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a Table Scan \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

2. \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621
\n\u0623. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 (Indexing)<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u062e\u0645: \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 (Composite Indexes)<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a WHERE\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n

SELECT * FROM Orders
\nWHERE Status = ‘Active’ AND CreatedDate > ‘2026-01-01’;<\/p>\n

CREATE INDEX IX_Orders_Status_CreatedDate
\nON Orders (Status, CreatedDate);<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 (=) \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 (>, = ‘2026-01-01’ AND OrderDate c.Orders)
\n .ToList(); \/\/ \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c Include \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0651\u0628 AsSplitQuery() \u0641\u064a EF Core.<\/p>\n

\u062c. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 SELECT * \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631:<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645.
\n\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a (Network Bandwidth).
\n\u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 (Covering Indexes)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064f\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

— \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646
\nSELECT * FROM Customers WHERE City = ‘Baghdad’;<\/p>\n

— \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645
\nSELECT Id, Name, Email FROM Customers WHERE City = ‘Baghdad’;<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 Execution Plan \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629.
\n\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0650 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629.
\n\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0627\u064b Sargable \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633.
\n\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 N+1 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 ORM.
\n\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n

\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 (Bottlenecks) \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 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